Music Theory Cheat Sheet
A comprehensive reference covering note values, time signatures, key signatures, intervals, dynamics, and tempo markings. Print for quick reference during study or practice.
Note Values & Rests
Time Signatures
Key Signatures
Circle of Fifths
All Keys
| Key (Maj/Min) | #/b | Accidentals |
|---|---|---|
| C / Am | - | None |
| G / Em | 1# | F# |
| D / Bm | 2# | F#, C# |
| A / F#m | 3# | F#, C#, G# |
| E / C#m | 4# | F#, C#, G#, D# |
| B / G#m | 5# | F#, C#, G#, D#, A# |
| F# / D#m | 6# | F#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E# |
| F / Dm | 1b | Bb |
| Bb / Gm | 2b | Bb, Eb |
| Eb / Cm | 3b | Bb, Eb, Ab |
| Ab / Fm | 4b | Bb, Eb, Ab, Db |
| Db / Bbm | 5b | Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb |
| Gb / Ebm | 6b | Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb |
Intervals
H = half steps (semitones) from root note
Dynamic Markings
Tempo Markings
Related Templates
FAQ
What is the circle of fifths and why is it important?
The circle of fifths is a visual tool showing the relationship between all 12 major and minor keys. Moving clockwise adds one sharp; counterclockwise adds one flat. It helps with understanding key signatures, chord progressions, and modulation between keys.
What are the most common time signatures in music?
4/4 (common time) is by far the most used, appearing in pop, rock, jazz, and classical music. 3/4 (waltz time) is second most common. 6/8 is popular in folk, ballads, and compound-meter pieces. 2/4 appears in marches and some Latin styles.
How do I memorize key signatures?
Use mnemonics: for sharps order (F-C-G-D-A-E-B) try 'Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle.' For flats (B-E-A-D-G-C-F) reverse it: 'Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles Father.' The circle of fifths also shows keys visually in order.