Math Formulas Cheat Sheet
A comprehensive printable reference covering algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and statistics formulas. Select which sections to include.
Math Formulas Cheat Sheet
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Algebra
Slope: m = (y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁)
Slope-Intercept: y = mx + b
Point-Slope: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁)
Standard Form: Ax + By = C
Quadratic Formula: x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a
Discriminant: D = b² - 4ac
Distance: d = √((x₂-x₁)² + (y₂-y₁)²)
Midpoint: ((x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/2)
Difference of Squares: a² - b² = (a+b)(a-b)
Perfect Square: (a+b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
Exponent Rules: aᵐ · aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ, (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ
Log Rules: log(ab) = log a + log b
Geometry
2D Shapes
Rectangle: A = lw, P = 2l + 2w
Square: A = s², P = 4s
Triangle: A = ½bh, P = a + b + c
Circle: A = πr², C = 2πr
Trapezoid: A = ½(b₁ + b₂)h
Parallelogram: A = bh
3D Shapes
Rectangular Prism: V = lwh, SA = 2(lw+lh+wh)
Cylinder: V = πr²h, SA = 2πrh + 2πr²
Sphere: V = (4/3)πr³, SA = 4πr²
Cone: V = (1/3)πr²h
Pythagorean: a² + b² = c²
Trigonometry
SOH-CAH-TOA
sin θ = opposite / hypotenuse
cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse
tan θ = opposite / adjacent
Key Values
sin 0°=0, sin 30°=½, sin 45°=√2/2, sin 60°=√3/2, sin 90°=1
cos 0°=1, cos 30°=√3/2, cos 45°=√2/2, cos 60°=½, cos 90°=0
Identities
sin²θ + cos²θ = 1
tan θ = sin θ / cos θ
sin(2θ) = 2 sin θ cos θ
cos(2θ) = cos²θ - sin²θ
Law of Sines / Cosines
a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C
c² = a² + b² - 2ab cos C
Statistics
Mean: x̄ = Σx / n
Median: Middle value when data is ordered
Mode: Most frequently occurring value
Range: max - min
Variance: σ² = Σ(x - x̄)² / n
Std Dev: σ = √(Σ(x - x̄)² / n)
Sample Std Dev: s = √(Σ(x - x̄)² / (n-1))
Probability
P(A or B): P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)
P(A and B): P(A) · P(B|A)
Combinations: C(n,r) = n! / (r!(n-r)!)
Permutations: P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)!
Related Templates
FAQ
What math formulas should I memorize?
Focus on the quadratic formula, Pythagorean theorem, area/volume formulas for common shapes, and basic trig ratios (SOH-CAH-TOA). These cover most high school and college math needs.
What grade level is this cheat sheet for?
This cheat sheet covers formulas from pre-algebra through pre-calculus, making it useful for students in grades 7-12 and college-level math courses.
Can I use this cheat sheet on tests?
Check with your instructor. Many teachers allow formula sheets on exams. This printable is designed to be a comprehensive reference for studying and open-note tests.